Synonyms: alatyr, electron, amber, succinite, Gintaras, Dzintars,Burma
Class: organic matter.
Formula: Approximately C10H16O.
Hardness: 1.5-3.
Specific gravity: 1,05-1,1.
Color from light yellow to brown, red, almost colorless, milky white, blue, black, green.
Feature: white.
The world's only production plant for the extraction of amber (open-cast mines in the strong water jet blur yantarenosnuyu so-called. "Blue Land") located in the town of Amber Kaliningrad region of Russia. The deposits of amber in the Kaliningrad region is not less than 90% of the world.
Amber found in Sicily (where it is called simetitom), Romania (rumenit), Myanmar (Burma), Canada, and in some places, the Atlantic coast of the United States, the Dominican Republic, Ukraine (Rivne region), in small quantities on the shores of the Baltic countries.
Mass of amber pieces - from a gram up to ten kilograms or more. Large pieces rarely come across. They could have arisen due to the strong separation of resin from the tree. The world's largest piece of amber weighing 12 kg was found on the Baltic coast.
Transparency - one of the valuable properties of amber jewelry. The most transparent amber - amber is formed from the resin, which stems from a small section of wood at the same time and well heated by the sun. In a transparent amber best decorative possibilities. Opaque contains a large amount of air bubbles and is valued less ennobling it by boiling linseed oil and roasting. For illumination of amber pieces calcining it is placed in the sand and heated for a long time at 100 ° C. Occur microexplosions pustotok in the formation of fan-shaped rainbow sequin shaped like fish scales, which are called masters of the golden rays.
Color. Nature has endowed a rich amber color palette. Mostly beautiful golden yellow color of all shades, but also occurs colorless amber, like rock crystal, white, blue, green, red and even black. It often happens that one piece of amber can be found shades of all colors. The primary color is due to the structure of its molecules and the presence of inclusions, secondary - is a consequence of weathering and exposure to temperature.
In ancient times amber was prized above gems and metals, merchants were allowed him in the long journey. In Ancient Rome, the most prized golden transparent amber. In Muslim countries for the manufacture of mouthpieces, tubing, water pipe preferred transparent and yellow pieces.
In China and Japan have long been highly prized reddish varieties.
Now the best quality gem should have a lemon-yellow-th color around the piece and shine throughout the mass.
Neistiraemost - one of the most amazing features of amber. Long been noticed that beached pieces of amber are not as round as, for example, quartz pebbles, although quartz has a much greater hardness. Amber density almost equal to the density of sea water, so the gem is in a suspended state and does not touch the bottom is not in contact with other bodies, which prevents it from abrasion.
Chemical composition. Amber is from succinic acid and impurities more than 30 chemical elements. The richest succinic acid are milky white and pale yellow variety, and so they have long been considered the most healing.
The cost of amber. Kilogram ornamental jewelry amber in the world market worth 500-1000 dollars a kilo of raw - 30-200 dollars.
Products
Because of its color, originality figure, transparency, color game, as well as ease of processing amber is in the early period of human development was one of the most popular gems. Such ornamentation as beads, a few thousand years. Mass production of amber was started in the Neolithic.
In ancient Rome, were made from amber beads, vessels, bowls, knives for mushrooms, and balls that are great ladies rubbing their hands in order to strengthen their forces.
Pliny the Elder in his writings on mineralogy writes that the image of a man made of amber, prized above and live a healthy person. For amber cup given by slave moaoaoto Pliny, the Romans knew how to paint the amber to red, amber and a valued its weight in gold. Particularly fashionable amber was during the reign of Nero. Its stained in different shades, they are showered with the circus, which hosted the presentation. Nero liked to wear a crown, ornate amber.
In the centuries-old art of making netsuke leaves. This is usually the size of a plum smooth to the touch an image of people or animals with a hole for the strap. In traditional Japanese clothing netsuke was used as a counterweight to the flash drive belt kimono, holding the tobacco pouch or purse. Japanese artists often carved netsuke made of amber.
From frames to jewelry amber preferred metal of the Sun - gold, and cutting - cabochon.
Rings with inlays of amber for the greatest impact, preferably worn on the ring finger, which corresponds to the astrological sun.
Medicinal properties
On the healing power of amber is known since ancient times. In the old Russian plot voodoo says: "At sea, on the Oka-Jan, the high island of Buyan is a white-combustible stone Alatyr under that stone is hidden the power of the mighty, and the powers have no end." On the legendary island of Buyan, we know from the great Pushkin's fairy tales of Tsar Saltan. It is now established that the prototype of a fantastic island of Buyan, or Ruyana is a real island of Ruegen in the Baltic Sea, and the stone alatyr - it's amber.
"Gintaras" - protection from disease in Lithuanian. For therapeutic purposes, is preferable to use the raw stone. It stops bleeding, strengthens teeth, swelling resolves, if the amber tie on it, treating a sleep disorder, seizures, headache (temples rubbed amber plates, and the pain goes away), dizziness, colds, blood purifier, and more.
In Tibetan medicine, amber is considered almost a panacea for all ills: he is able to cure short-sightedness and cataracts, heart disease and angina, stop vomiting and hemoptysis, expel stones from kidney and liver. Ulcer treated with amber, crushed into powder and drunk with water. Gluing a piece of amber to the sores, you can get rid of suppuration and tumors.
Even Ibn Sina called amber cure for many diseases, from heart failures (powder, stir in water) of hemoptysis, pain in the stomach of fainting and fever.
One of the most important works on drug use amber, written in 1551, belongs to the court of Duke Albrecht of Prussia doctor. It shows about 50 recipes using Amber in medicine. It was believed that the greatest healing power has amber white, because it contains the highest percentage of succinic acid, which is biostimulant. In some other sources recommended for therapeutic purposes to use the green amber and dark tones, light and transparent and was considered the weakest.
Amber found in the mummies of Egyptian pharaohs, where he was placed as a preservative. Added into the amber incense in religious buildings.
In Europe, at one time been fashionable smoking pipes, cigarette holders and cigarette cases made of amber, it was assumed that they have a disinfecting effect. Amber Necklaces worn by enlarged thyroid gland and lactating mothers - to increase milk production. Beads made of red amber vulnerable people were to be adopted to protect yourself from bad influences.
It has long been considered one of the amber stones witchcraft. In divination, for example, use amber smoke.
In Russia, called the amber sea of incense. The monastery on the island of Valaam amber used instead of incense. Amber wastes enough for this - when the monastery was a workshop for its treatment. Fumigation "Lada spirit," the monks were treated for colds and inflammation.
No mineral, which would have been so widely used in modern medicine. The healing power of amber is not in doubt neither skeptics nor the official medicine. Amber treatment is particularly popular overseas.
Have useful properties, and salts of succinic acid. The sodium salt of succinic acid, for example, used for anesthesia, removal of a coma and recovery forces during physical fatigue.
How does the amber and why it works ozdorovlyayushe - still an open question. But, for example, the fact that amber inhibits tumor growth, established empirically. First of all, Amber has a preventive effect, not allowing carcinogens to cause abnormal cell division. Second, it delays the very division. Amber has a "favorite" of the disease from which he treats with the greatest reliability. Used in medicine today, amber gives the largest effect on mastitis, cysts, fibroids and infertility.
The effect of amber for many tumors, including malignant and, as well as goitre, associated probably with the inhibition of abnormal cell division, allowing the tumor turns into a cluster of dead cells and gradually dissipates.
Infertility related to adhesions in the pelvis, and the role of Amber is primarily absorbed.
In diseases of the joints amber restores local blood circulation, allowing output of salt. In addition, it inhibits inflammation. One of the trainees in our school with amber stone in one session (tied him for the night) got rid of the pain in the joints and ligaments stretched through the day is normally attended. Varicose veins amber reduce inflammation, normalize blood circulation and venous outflow of blood from them - eventually they "fall off" and stop varicose veins.
For colds, bronchitis, asthma, tonsillitis effect of amber again, anti-inflammatory. Gluing a piece of amber on the thumb to the area that corresponds to your throat, you can get rid of the inflammation in the throat.
There are positive results in the treatment of pyelonephritis and even cirrhosis. In addition, Amber helps with cholelithiasis and urolithiasis, increasing the excretion of salt and even rag!
How can use amber for healing? This may be a plate, beads, just pebbles. Amber necklace, hugging his neck to stabilize the thyroid gland.
At constant wearing amber strengthens the immune system and increase overall body tone.
In rheumatoid arthritis and other joint diseases is recommended to apply daily to patients amber sites and keep them tied a woolen scarf, an hour a day. One should always clean the stone after the treatment by washing with salt water.
Amber mouthpieces, again appearing in fashion, reduce the risk of cancer due to smoking.
With amber plates can get rid of a headache: you need polished plate, inserting amber pebble or just stroking the skin around the painful area in a counterclockwise direction. After 10-15 minutes the pain will pass.
Healers recommend to stimulate the intestines, and difficult urination drink infused with amber water. Infuse one hour, drink small amounts in two weeks.
In the treatment of amber there are rules that must be followed. First of all, let no one revile him, he should not come into contact with other people's bio.
Secondly, if wearing amber you feel dizzy or have a sense of tingling, it should be removed - most likely rock energy does not coincide with yours. Try swapping amber on the other, and maybe you pick up a stone that you really fit.
Thirdly, medical Amber are not the clock, at first, as a rule, no more than three hours a day. When the stone is resting, try to keep it in a sealed wooden box and away from sources of strong electromagnetic radiation.
And in the hours when you are wearing amber, it is not recommended to watch TV from a distance of less than three feet, do not want to be close to running the microwave oven and work on the computer.
Talismans and Amulets
Since ancient times, it is believed that amber brings prosperity, happiness, protects against evil spirits. The Greeks amber was a symbol of victory, and it was used as an amulet. It is no accident the Greeks called it the "electron" *- named star in the constellation of Taurus: the appearance of stone the same warm and radiant as the star Electra.
Many people used amber as a talisman. In pre-Christian period in Russia believed that in the recesses of Amber live in good spirits.
It is believed that it attaches to the master of self-confidence, significantly increasing its power, can positively influence others, even one kind of health and happiness.
Compliance with the sign of the Zodiac:
Zodiac signs are Leo amber, Aries, Sagittarius and the planet - the Sun |
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